MeSH Browser

MeSH Heading: Phenytoin
Tree Number(s): D03.383.129.308.432.555.730
Unique ID: D010672
RDF Unique Identifier: http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D010672
Scope Note: An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.
Entry Term(s): 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin; 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione; Antisacer; Difenin; Dihydan; Dilantin; Diphenylhydantoin; Epamin; Epanutin; Fenitoin; Hydantol; Phenhydan; Phenytoin Sodium; Sodium Diphenylhydantoinate
Pharm Action: Anticonvulsants
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inducers
Registry Numbers: 6158TKW0C5; 0; 4182431BJH
Related Numbers: 4182431BJH; 57-41-0
CAS Type 1 Name: 2,4-Imidazolidinedione, 5,5-diphenyl-
NLM Classification #: QV 85
Public MeSH Note: 78; was DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN 1963-77
Online Note: use PHENYTOIN to search DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN 1966-77
History Note: 78; was DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN 1963-77
Date Established: 1966/01/01
Date of Entry: 1999/01/01
Revision Date: 2021/07/01

Allowable Qualifiers: administration & dosage (AD)

adverse effects (AE)

agonists (AG)

analogs & derivatives (AA)

analysis (AN)

antagonists & inhibitors (AI)

blood (BL)

cerebrospinal fluid (CF)

chemical synthesis (CS)

chemistry (CH)

classification (CL)

economics (EC)

history (HI)

immunology (IM)

isolation & purification (IP)

metabolism (ME)

pharmacokinetics (PK)

pharmacology (PD)

poisoning (PO)

radiation effects (RE)

standards (ST)

supply & distribution (SD)

therapeutic use (TU)

toxicity (TO)

urine (UR)

Heterocyclic Compounds [D03]
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring [D03.383]
  - Azoles [D03.383.129]
    - Imidazoles [D03.383.129.308]
      - Imidazolidines [D03.383.129.308.432]
        
        Hydantoins [D03.383.129.308.432.555]
        
        Allantoin [D03.383.129.308.432.555.105]
        
        Dantrolene [D03.383.129.308.432.555.287]
        
        Mephenytoin [D03.383.129.308.432.555.620]
        
        Phenytoin [D03.383.129.308.432.555.730]
        
        Thiohydantoins [D03.383.129.308.432.555.868]

Phenytoin Preferred

Concept UI: M0016580
Registry Numbers: 6158TKW0C5
Related Numbers: 4182431BJH; 57-41-0
Scope Note: An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.
Terms: Phenytoin Preferred Term
Term UI T031538
Date01/01/1999
LexicalTag NON
ThesaurusID; 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione
Term UI T000912684
Date12/09/2016
LexicalTag NON
ThesaurusID NLM (2017); 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin
Term UI T031536
Date07/13/1981
LexicalTag NON
ThesaurusID; Diphenylhydantoin
Term UI T031537
Date04/12/1977
LexicalTag NON
ThesaurusID UNK (19XX); Fenitoin
Term UI T031539
Date04/12/1977
LexicalTag NON
ThesaurusID UNK (19XX)

Dihydan Narrower

Difenin Narrower

Dilantin Related

Epamin Narrower

Hydantol Narrower

Antisacer Narrower

Epanutin Narrower

Phenytoin Sodium Narrower

Phenhydan Narrower

Phenytoin MeSH Descriptor Data 2024